Oblačinska

This variety originates from Yugoslavia, where it has long been popular in the village of Oblačina (Serbia). It is the leading cherry variety in Yugoslavia. Its introduction to Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, France, Russia, and other countries began in the early 1970s. It was officially registered in 1995 and included in the State Register for the North Caucasus region.

The tree is medium-sized with restrained growth, having an oval-round, dense crown. Main branches emerge from the trunk at angles close to 45°. The bark of the trunk and main branches is dark brown. Leaves are small, 85 x 45 mm, ranging from oval to inversely egg-shaped, dark green, matte, with a sharply pointed apex; petiole 12-14 mm. Flowers are small, 25 mm, saucer-shaped. Fruit set is mixed: on one-year-old branches and flower clusters.

Fruits are medium-sized, 15 x 17 x 16 mm, weighing about 3 g, ranging from round to broadly round, dark red. Flesh is dark red, dense, sweet-sour with moderate flavor and significant acidity. Fruits contain 16.0% dry matter, 8.5% sugars, 2.0% free acids, and 16.3 mg ascorbic acid per 100 g fresh weight. Stone is 9 x 8 x 7 mm, weighing 0.3 g, accounting for 10% of total fruit weight, oval-rounded, smooth, and moderately detaching from the flesh. Pedicel averages 25 mm, thin, detaches from the fruit with dry separation. Due to high acidity, fruits are mainly suitable for processing into jams, juices, and rapid freezing.

Begins fruiting on the 4-5th year after grafting and on the 2-3rd year after planting. Characterized by late flowering and medium-late ripening. Partially self-fertile; best yields occur with pollination by varieties Meteor, Nepris, Northstar, etc. It is a high-yielding variety, rapidly increases productivity, and by the 4th year after planting yields up to 10 kg per tree. Cold and winter hardiness are relatively good: undamaged generative buds after freezing at -32°C amounted to 63%, and at -40°C — 21%. Shows field resistance to coccomyces (damage level 2), relatively resistant to clasterosporosis.

Possessing qualities such as resistance to low negative temperatures, restrained growth, early fruiting, high productivity, good fruit transportability, suitability for mechanized harvesting, the variety Oblačinska is of interest for further testing and cultivation in the southern fruit-growing zone of Russia.

Advantages: restrained growth, early fruiting, fruit transportability, suitability for mechanized harvesting.

Disadvantages: excessive acidity and insufficient fruit size.