Словарь агронома

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Biological yield

It is the total weight of the biomass produced by plants in a field, calculated before harvest based on plant density and grain weight.

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Conditioned seeds

These are seeds that meet all established quality and safety standards regarding purity, germination rate, and moisture content for agricultural use.

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Critical seeding depth

The maximum depth at which a seed can be planted while still having enough stored energy for the sprout to reach the soil surface.

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Crop competitiveness

It is the ability of crop plants to suppress weed growth and utilize environmental resources more efficiently, ensuring high yields despite the presence of comp...

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Crop rotation

The practice of growing a series of different types of crops in the same area across a sequence of growing seasons.

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Crop uniformity

This refers to the consistency of plant development stages, height, and density across an entire field.

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Determinate growth habit

A growth pattern in plants where the main stem ends in a floral cluster, causing the plant to stop vegetative growth once it reaches a certain size.

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Early vigor

The ability of seedlings to rapidly establish vegetative biomass and develop a robust root system during the initial stages of growth.

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Ecological plasticity of a hybrid

The ability of a hybrid crop to maintain stable productivity when growing conditions fluctuate or across different climatic zones.

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F1 Hybrid

The first filial generation offspring resulting from a cross-breeding between two genetically distinct parent lines to achieve specific superior traits.

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FAO maturity group

A classification system established by the Food and Agriculture Organization to indicate the relative maturity period of maize hybrids from emergence to physiol...

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Fertilizer micro-dosing

A practice of applying small, precise amounts of fertilizers directly into the root zone to maximize nutrient uptake and crop growth efficiency.

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Field emergence

The percentage of seeds that produce normal seedlings under actual field soil and environmental conditions.

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Field emergence

It is the percentage of planted seeds that successfully produce seedlings under actual field conditions, reflecting the combined impact of seed quality and envi...

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Field inspection of crops

This is the process of evaluating crop fields to verify varietal purity, health status, and compliance with seed production standards.

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Genetic yield potential

This is the maximum possible yield and quality of a crop variety, determined by its genetics and achievable only under ideal environmental and agronomic conditi...

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Germination energy

This indicator measures the ability of seeds to sprout quickly and uniformly within a limited period, reflecting their overall vitality.

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Indeterminate growth habit

A plant growth pattern where the main stem continues to grow indefinitely and produce flowers until stopped by environmental conditions or physical pruning.

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Latent seed infection

The presence of pathogens within the seed tissues that cannot be detected by external inspection without specialized laboratory testing.

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Light regime

The combination of lighting characteristics, such as intensity, spectral quality, and photoperiod, that dictates the growth, development, and productivity of ag...

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Maximum permissible seeding rate

This is the highest seed density per unit area that ensures optimal crop development without inducing excessive intraspecific competition for nutrients, water,...

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Photoperiod sensitivity

This is a biological response of plants to the length of day or night, which regulates the timing of flowering and vegetative development.

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Physical purity of seeds

It is the percentage by weight of pure seeds of the crop variety in a seed lot, free from foreign matter, weed seeds, and damaged kernels.

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Plant density

The number of living crop plants per unit area of a field at a specific stage of development.

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Pre-harvest moisture content

The percentage of water present in seeds or plant material just before harvest, which determines the timing for gathering crops and their storability.

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Reseeding (gap filling)

An agronomic practice of sowing additional seeds in areas with thin or failed emergence to achieve the optimal plant population density.

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Row spacing

The distance between adjacent rows of plants during sowing or planting, measured between the center lines of the rows.

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Scarification

The process of scratching or softening the hard seed coat to allow water and gases to penetrate, which triggers germination.

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Seed damage

This refers to mechanical injuries to the seed coat or embryo caused during harvesting, processing, handling, or planting operations.

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Seed dormancy

Seed dormancy is a biological state where seeds fail to germinate even under favorable environmental conditions due to internal growth-inhibiting mechanisms.

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Seed dressing

This is the process of applying chemical or biological agents to seeds to protect them against pathogens, pests, and soil-borne diseases.

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Seed germination capacity

It is the ability of seeds to sprout and produce normal seedlings under specific conditions within a set timeframe.

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Seed incrustation

A seed treatment technique involving the application of a thin polymer film containing pesticides, plant growth regulators, and nutrients to the seed surface.

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Seed inoculation

Seed inoculation is the process of coating seeds with beneficial microorganisms to enhance plant growth, nutrient uptake, and disease resistance.

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Seed maturation period

This is the time interval from anthesis to the point when seeds reach physiological maturity and are ready for harvesting.

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Seed pelleting

This is the process of coating seeds with a protective and nutritional layer to increase their size and weight, ensuring more uniform sowing and seedling establ...

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Seed reproduction

Seed reproduction is a successive generation of seed material obtained by propagating a plant variety during the growing process.

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Seed sowing depth

This is the vertical distance from the soil surface to the seed, which determines the environmental conditions necessary for germination and emergence.

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Seed sowing quality

This is a set of physical and biological characteristics of seeds that determine their potential to germinate and develop into healthy plants under field condit...

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Seed stock

Seed stock is the total reserve of agricultural seeds intended for sowing, breeding purposes, and maintaining crop production stability on a farm.

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Seed stratification

Seed stratification is an agricultural technique that simulates winter conditions to break seed dormancy and promote uniform germination.

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Seed value

A metric indicating the percentage of pure and viable seeds within a batch, essential for determining the effective sowing rate.

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Seed viability

It is the measure of a seed's potential to germinate and develop into a normal seedling under suitable environmental conditions.

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Seeding pattern

Seeding pattern is the spatial arrangement of seeds in a field, determining the spacing between rows and plants to ensure optimal growth conditions.

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Seeding rate

Seeding rate is the specific amount of seeds sown per unit of land area to ensure an optimal crop population and maximize yield potential.

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Seeding units

Seeding units are integrated machinery combinations, comprising a tractor and a seeder, designed to place seeds into the soil efficiently in a single pass.

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Sowing

The process of placing seeds into the soil at a specific depth and spacing to facilitate germination and crop establishment.

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Sowing date

The optimal time window for planting seeds in the soil to ensure the best germination conditions and maximum yield potential for the crop.

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Sowing method

This is the system of distributing seeds within the soil, defining the row spacing and the spatial arrangement of plants to ensure optimal development.

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Sowing qualities of seeds

Sowing qualities refer to the set of physical and biological standards that determine the suitability of seeds for planting and successful germination.

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Target plant density

This is the planned number of established, productive plants per unit area, optimized to achieve the maximum yield potential for a specific crop variety under g...

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Thousand kernel weight

A metric expressed in grams that represents the weight of one thousand individual seeds of a specific crop at a standard moisture level.

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Tillering coefficient

An agronomic index representing the average number of productive stems or tillers produced by a single plant in cereal crops.

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Tillering node depth

This is the distance from the soil surface to the tillering node, the physiological point where secondary roots and shoots originate in cereal crops.

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Tillering node depth

The distance from the soil surface to the first node on a cereal stem from which adventitious roots and lateral shoots develop.