Рост и развитие
Adaptive potential
The inherent ability of a crop variety to maintain productivity and growth despite fluctuating environmental conditions and biotic or abiotic stresses.
Agronomy knowledge
Словарь агронома
Короткие понятные определения агрономических терминов: обработка почвы, посев, питание, защита растений, техника и хранение урожая.
Все темы535
Почва и обработка55
Посев и сорта55
Питание и удобрения55
Защита растений55
Техника и орошение55
Хранение и экономика55
Рост и развитие55
Погода и климат55
Селекция и семеноводство55
Цифровое земледелие40
Терминов в разделе: 55
A
Рост и развитие
Apical dominance
It is a biological phenomenon where the main central stem of a plant grows more strongly than other side stems due to the inhibitory effect of auxins.
B
Рост и развитие
Biological yield
This is the total dry matter accumulation of a crop, including both grain and vegetative parts, produced in a field before harvest.
Рост и развитие
Biomass
Biomass in agronomy is the total mass of living organisms or their products accumulated per unit area of crops or within the soil layer.
Рост и развитие
Branching pattern
The specific mode of lateral shoot development on the main stem that determines the architectural structure and vegetative density of a plant.
C
Рост и развитие
Coenosis
Coenosis is a grouping of living organisms inhabiting a specific environment and interacting with each other and their surroundings.
Рост и развитие
Crop Indexing
A method of quantifying crop condition using remote sensing based on the analysis of spectral properties of reflected light.
Рост и развитие
Cultivation
A shallow mechanical soil treatment practice used to loosen the soil, manage weeds, and prepare the seedbed without inverting the soil layers.
D
Рост и развитие
Determinacy
A biological trait of plants to cease the growth of the main stem after developing a specific number of inflorescences.
Рост и развитие
Differentiation of the growing point
A biological process where undifferentiated cells at the plant's shoot apical meristem develop into specific organs like leaves, stems, or reproductive spikelet...
Рост и развитие
Dormancy
Dormancy is a physiological state of arrested growth in seeds, buds, or tubers, where they fail to germinate even under favorable environmental conditions.
Рост и развитие
Dormancy
A biological state in which plant growth and metabolic activity are suspended or slowed down to survive adverse environmental conditions.
E
Рост и развитие
Etiolation
A process in plants grown in partial or complete absence of light, characterized by long, weak stems and pale leaves due to lack of chlorophyll.
F
Рост и развитие
Flag leaf
The flag leaf is the final leaf produced on the stem of a cereal plant, emerging immediately before the head or ear.
Рост и развитие
Flowering
Flowering is the physiological stage of plant development during which buds open to allow for pollination and the subsequent production of seeds or fruits.
Рост и развитие
Full maturity
The physiological stage of plant development where seeds or fruits reach their maximum mass, typical coloration, and potential for long-term storage or propagat...
G
Рост и развитие
Germination phase
This is the initial stage of plant development where a seed absorbs water, swells, and the primary embryonic root emerges.
Рост и развитие
Grain filling
Grain filling is the stage of crop development when nutrients are transported and stored within the grain, increasing its weight and size until maturity.
Рост и развитие
Growing point
The apical region of a shoot or root containing meristematic tissue responsible for cell division and the longitudinal growth of the plant.
H
Рост и развитие
Harvest index
A ratio representing the efficiency of a crop in converting its total biomass into the harvested economic yield.
Рост и развитие
Heading
The growth stage of cereal crops when the ear (spike) emerges from the sheath of the flag leaf, marking the transition to the reproductive phase.
Рост и развитие
Heterosis
Heterosis is the phenomenon where the progeny of two genetically diverse parents exhibit superior traits in growth, yield, and stress resistance compared to the...
I
Рост и развитие
Indeterminacy
A growth habit where plants continue to produce stems, leaves, and flowers indefinitely throughout the growing season rather than stopping at a specific size.
J
Рост и развитие
Jointing
The developmental stage in cereal crops where the first stem node appears above the soil surface and internodes begin to elongate.
L
Рост и развитие
Leaf Area Index
A dimensionless measure of the total green leaf area per unit of ground surface area.
Рост и развитие
Leaf Area Index (LAI)
A dimensionless quantity that characterizes plant canopies as the ratio of one-sided green leaf area per unit ground surface area.
Рост и развитие
Light stage
A specific physiological phase in plant development where light duration and quality are required to trigger the transition from vegetative growth to flowering.
Рост и развитие
Lodging
Lodging is the displacement of crop stems from their vertical position, resulting in the plants leaning or falling flat against the soil surface.
M
Рост и развитие
Milk-wax ripeness
A stage of cereal crop development where grain contents transition from a liquid to a dough-like consistency, marking the onset of moisture reduction.
O
Рост и развитие
Organogenesis
Organogenesis is the biological process by which plant organs are sequentially formed from meristematic tissues throughout the plant's life cycle.
Рост и развитие
Osmotic pressure
It is the physical force generated by solutes within plant cells that draws water through membranes, maintaining turgor and supporting cellular function.
P
Рост и развитие
Photoperiodism
Photoperiodism is the physiological reaction of organisms to the length of day or night, which controls key developmental processes like flowering and maturatio...
Рост и развитие
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the biological process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, creating organic compounds essential for crop growth and yie...
Рост и развитие
Phototropism
Phototropism is the growth response of plants toward or away from an external directional light source.
Рост и развитие
Physiological aging
An irreversible process of gradual decline in metabolic activity and adaptive capacity of a plant, leading to the completion of its life cycle.
Рост и развитие
Plant antioxidant system
This is a complex set of enzymatic and non-enzymatic defensive mechanisms that neutralize reactive oxygen species to protect plant cells from environmental stre...
Рост и развитие
Post-embryonic development
This is the stage of a plant's life cycle that begins after seed germination and continues until death or the completion of its life cycle.
R
Рост и развитие
Remontancy
The ability of plants to produce multiple crops or bloom continuously throughout a single growing season.
Рост и развитие
Reproductive phase
The developmental stage of a plant during which reproductive organs are formed, leading to flowering, pollination, and seed or fruit development.
Рост и развитие
Respiration rate
Respiration rate is the speed at which a plant or harvested produce consumes oxygen and releases carbon dioxide through metabolic processes.
Рост и развитие
Root pressure
The active force generated by plant roots that pushes water and dissolved minerals upward through the xylem vessels, ensuring nutrient transport independently o...
S
Рост и развитие
Seed productivity
The capacity of a crop plant to produce a specific quantity of high-quality seeds per unit area or per individual plant.
Рост и развитие
Seedlings
Seedlings are the early stage of plant development, occurring immediately after the seed germinates and the young shoot emerges from the soil surface.
Рост и развитие
Sink effect
The sink effect is a physiological process where plants mobilize and transport nutrients and photosynthates from source organs, like leaves, to storage organs,...
Рост и развитие
Stem elongation
A crop growth stage characterized by the rapid vertical growth of the stem and the formation of nodes above the soil surface.
Рост и развитие
Stress tolerance
The ability of agricultural crops to maintain productivity and viability when exposed to adverse environmental conditions.
T
Рост и развитие
Technical maturity
The stage of crop development when the produce reaches its optimal quality, size, and texture for processing, storage, or market distribution, prior to full bio...
Рост и развитие
Thermoperiodism
Thermoperiodism is the physiological response of plants to the alternation of day and night temperatures, influencing their growth, flowering, and metabolic eff...
Рост и развитие
Tillering
Tillering is the process of producing additional stems (tillers) from the base of a grass plant, which significantly impacts crop density and yield potential.
Рост и развитие
Tillering
Tillering is the development of lateral shoots from the base of cereal plants, increasing the total number of stems per plant.
Рост и развитие
Topping
An agricultural practice of removing the terminal bud or the top part of a plant's main stem to stop vertical growth and stimulate side development.
Рост и развитие
Transpiration
This is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems, and flowers.
V
Рост и развитие
Vegetative phase
The stage of plant development between germination and the initiation of reproductive organs, primarily focusing on stem and leaf growth.
Рост и развитие
Vernalization
An agronomic practice of exposing seeds to low temperatures to accelerate the plant's transition to the reproductive flowering stage.
W
Рост и развитие
Waxy ripeness
A stage of cereal crop development where the grain loses moisture, hardens, and its texture becomes similar to wax.