Description
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a prominent annual legume species belonging to the Fabaceae family. It is recognized globally as a vital industrial and food crop, valued for its high protein content and vegetable oil, which serve as foundational components in global trade.
Originating in East Asia, the crop has successfully adapted to a wide range of climatic conditions across different continents. Soybean is highly appreciated in agronomy for its nitrogen-fixing capabilities, which improve soil health and fertility, making it a critical component of sustainable agricultural rotations.
The successful cultivation of soybean requires adequate temperatures and moisture, particularly during the flowering and pod-filling stages. It prefers fertile, well-drained soils and requires strict weed control and standardized seeding rates to ensure high plant density and maximum economic yield.
The economic importance of soybean spans multiple sectors: the seeds are crushed for oil and meal, which are used in human food production and intensive livestock farming. Its role in providing essential amino acids makes it an indispensable ingredient in livestock feed formulations.
Effective crop protection is essential to mitigate losses from pathogens and pests. Known diseases include alternaria blight, anthracnose, helminthosporium leaf spot, rhizoctonia, sclerotinia, and viral infections like bean pod mottle virus, tomato mosaic virus, or tobacco mosaic virus. Key pests include:
- Acacia webworm, white butterfly, pyralid moths, gall midges
- Leaf phylloxera, weevils
- Loopers, European corn borer
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Crop diseases · 60
African cassava mosaicAlfalfa mosaicAlternaria leaf spotAnthracnoseAristastoma leaf spotArkoola black leaf blightBacterial blightBacterial cankerBacterial seed decayBean leafroll virusBeet western yellowsBrown stem rot of soybeanBud proliferationCercospora leaf spotChaetomium moldCharcoal rotChoanephora leaf blightCommon scabCowpea mild mottleCucumber mosaicDagger nematodeDowny mildewDrechslera blightDrought damageFusarium root rotFusarium seed rotFusarium wiltHail damageHelminthosporium blightLate blightLeptosphaerulina leaf spotMachismoPeanut mottlePeanut stunt virusPepper mottle virusPhomaPhomopsisPhyllody and witches’-broomPhyllosticta leaf spotPhyllosticta leaf spotPhytoplasmasPink rootPit rot of root cropsPowdery mildewPseudorobillarda leaf spot of soybeanRed crown rotRed leaf blotchReniform nematodeRhizoctoniaRoot-knot nematodeRoot anoxiaRust diseaseSclerotinia rotSoil crustingSouthern blightSoybean mosaicStachybotrys root rotTarget spotTobacco mosaic virusTomato mosaic virus
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Crop pests · 30
AphidBeet flea beetleBeet pygmy beetleBeet root weevilCabbage mothCereal leaf beetleCrucifer flea beetlesDiamondback mothEuropean cherry fruit flyEuropean corn borerFrit flies and cereal fliesGall midgesGeometer mothsGrape phylloxeraGreenbugGround beetle (Zabrus tenebrioides)Hop aphidLarge whiteLeafhoppersLima-bean pod borerOriental fruit mothPainted bugsPollen beetlePollen beetlePyralid mothsSoybean pod borerSunn pestTwo-spotted spider miteWeevilWheat beetle
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Connections · Soybean
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